Advanced Placement (AP) European History Practice Exam

Why did Empress Maria Theresa present her son to the Hungarian nobility?

1. To showcase her military achievements

2. To legitimize her rule through demonstrating the continuance of the Habsburg line

3. To strengthen alliances with the nobility

4. To seek support for her foreign policies

The correct answer is: To legitimize her rule through demonstrating the continuance of the Habsburg line

The correct answer highlights the significance of presenting her son as a means of ensuring continuity and stability within the Habsburg dynasty. Empress Maria Theresa faced considerable challenges to her rule, especially as a female monarch during a time when male lineage was often preferred. By presenting her son to the Hungarian nobility, she aimed to legitimize her reign and reinforce the idea that the Habsburg line would continue through him. This action not only symbolized the transfer of authority and power but also served to reassure the nobility and other political actors that the Habsburg legacy was secure. This presentation was a strategic move to consolidate her position as a ruler. It addressed potential concerns about succession and reinforced the stability of her dynastic claims in a period marked by political instability and rivalry. While strengthening alliances with the nobility and seeking support for her foreign policies were also important considerations, the primary purpose was indeed to affirm the legitimacy of her rule through a continuation of the Habsburg lineage, which was key to maintaining the dynasty's power and influence in Europe.