Advanced Placement (AP) European History Practice Exam

Which aspect of the revolution do both Burke and Robespierre address in their writings?

1. The need to retain traditional practices

2. The role of reason in governance

3. Concerns about the rapid changes occurring

4. A criticism of foreign powers

The correct answer is: Concerns about the rapid changes occurring

Both Edmund Burke and Maximilien Robespierre express concerns about the rapid changes occurring during the French Revolution. Burke, in his critique of the revolution, emphasizes the importance of stability, tradition, and gradual reform, warning that such swift transformations could lead to chaos and tyranny. He argues that societal change should occur incrementally to preserve social order and prevent upheaval. Robespierre, while advocating for the revolutionary changes and the establishment of a republic based on virtue and equality, also acknowledges the tumult surrounding these transformations. His speeches often reflect a concern for ensuring that the revolution remains true to its ideals, and he expresses a desire for society to adapt to the new revolutionary principles while safeguarding against counter-revolutionary forces. Both figures highlight the complexity and potential dangers of rapid political and social transformation, making their writings resonate with a shared concern about the pace and consequences of revolutionary change.