Advanced Placement (AP) European History Practice Exam

What was Erasmus' primary critique of the clergy in his work "In Praise of Folly"?

1. They were ignorant and self-satisfied

2. They were too focused on wealth and power

3. They failed to uphold the doctrines of the Church

4. They did not promote education among the laity

The correct answer is: They were ignorant and self-satisfied

Erasmus' primary critique of the clergy in "In Praise of Folly" centers on their ignorance and self-satisfaction. In this satirical work, he employs humor and irony to highlight the shortcomings of various groups in society, particularly ecclesiastical leaders. Erasmus points out that many members of the clergy are more concerned with their own status and prestige than with genuine spirituality or the welfare of their congregations. This self-satisfaction is often accompanied by a lack of true understanding or commitment to the principles of Christianity. By calling attention to the ignorance of the clergy, Erasmus emphasizes the need for reform within the Church, advocating for a more educated and morally grounded clergy that would lead by example. His critique contributes to the growing calls for reform during the Renaissance and Reformation, and it reflects the broader humanist movement that encouraged scholarly inquiry and a return to the original texts of Christianity. The other options address important themes but do not encapsulate the core of Erasmus' critique. While concerns about wealth and power, adherence to Church doctrines, and the promotion of education are relevant, the singular focus on the clergy's ignorance and complacency is what distinctly characterizes Erasmus' argument in this particular work.