Advanced Placement (AP) European History Practice Exam

What reasoning does Burke use to critique the French Revolution?

1. He claims it lacks public support

2. He believes it violates historical precedent

3. He argues it undermines social cohesion

4. He suggests it creates more problems than it solves

The correct answer is: He believes it violates historical precedent

Burke's critique of the French Revolution fundamentally revolves around the concept of historical precedent. He argued that the revolution not only disregards established norms and tradition but also poses a threat to the accumulated wisdom of generations. Burke believed that societies evolve and develop their systems organically, based on historical experiences and lessons learned over time. By attempting to radically alter this established order, he contended that the revolutionaries were engaging in dangerous experimentation that could lead to chaos and tyranny. His focus on historical precedent also emphasizes the importance of gradual reform rather than abrupt change. Burke esteemed the customs and institutions that had stood the test of time, arguing that they provide stability and continuity in society. Hence, he criticized the revolution for its perceived recklessness and lack of respect for the foundational principles that had shaped French society. This perspective highlights not only his conservative stance but also his belief that meaningful progress must be rooted in a society's historical context.